| Plant Extract |
Synephrine is a kind of biological active substance, mainly extracted from the orange, tangerine peel, green husk and rutaceae plants, is a traditional Chinese medicine and plays an important role of frutus aurantii immaturus effective component, has a strong heart, increase blood volume contraction, blood vessels, high total peripheral vascular resistance and make the left ventricular pressure and the effect of arterial blood pressure, shock resistance, and the effect that reduce weight, but because the Synephrine has the similar structure to that of jute alkali has excited central nervous, the potential side effects of cardiovascular disease, in recent years it is limited to use in the United States, Canada and other countries.
Figure 1 the extract of frutus aurantii immaturus Synephrine |
| Pharmacological function |
The pharmacological effects of Synephrine is stimulant, mainly acts on the adrenaline receptor, the heart also have certain excitation; Can shrink blood vessels elevated blood pressure expansion of the trachea and bronchus; Also has a certain of losing weight and the antidepressant effects, mainly used in the treatment of bronchial asthma clinical shock and hypotension collapse and orthostatic hypotension dyspepsia not gastroptosis etc. Synephrine is a kind of pure natural stimulant, without any side effects and positive reactions, and has been widely used in medicine, food and beverage and other industries. |
| Separation and extraction methods |
At present, the extraction and separation method of high purity Synephrine is not mature, and the commonly used method is mainly cationic bunch of ester exchange method and hydrochloric acid percolation method, etc. Market demands for acid-insoluble ash extract hesperidin contain the Synephrine and is huge, so it is necessary to establish a comprehensive process route to utilize the frutus aurantii immaturus, extraction of frutus aurantii immaturus Synephrine and hesperidin. |
| Content analysis method |
With the increasing market demand of Synephrine, Synephrine is more valuable. Studies for detection method of the content is unceasingly thorough, the reported methods are (1) reverse high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), (2) packed column supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), (3) the HPLC method, (4) thin layer scanning method, (5) combination with high performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography scanning method, etc. |
| HPLC method for the determination of synephrine content in hovenia dulcis of rutaceae plants |
[Test Article] rutaceae plant orange Citrus teticulata Blamco and cultivar dry and mature skin, medicinal herbs called “orange” and “wide” tangerine peel, or lime Citrus aurantiwm L and its cultivar immature fruit, dry or sweet orange C.Sinensis Osbeck dry young fruit, medicinal herbs called orange; Orange and its dry cultivated varieties of young fruit or immature fruit peel, medicinal herbs, green husk.
1. chromatographic
Column chromatographic conditions: Micropak MCH-5 c18; Mobile phase: 0.02 mol/L phosphoric acid methanol solution and 0.2% sodium dodecyl sulfate; Column temperature: 50 ℃; Flow rate: 1 ml/min: detection wavelength 275 nm.
2. the preparation of the reference substance solution
Accurate weight synephrine 4 mg, dilute with 10 ml 0.01 mol/L HCL.
3. the preparation of sample solution
Take 1 g of fine powder sample in 50 ml taper bottle with plug, add 20 ml methanol, ultrasonic oscillation extraction for 15 min, stand for 4 h, filter, take further filtrate 5 ml in 10 ml of centrifugal pipe plug, 90 ℃ insoluble dry, cool, add 0.01 mol/L of hydrochloric acid and chloroform each 2 ml, dense vibration wave, centrifugal, take supernatant on standby.
4. measurement
Precision learn each 10 ml of the sample solution and reference substance solution, injection, according to chromatographic analysis condition.
5. Analysis results
Figure 2 Different origin Citrus aurantium, bran fried Bitter Orange Synephrine (n = 6,%) |
| Chemical property |
Ether hydrochloride, colorless crystalline (ethanol), melting point: 166 ℃-167 ℃, [α] 27 d-52. (C = 7.6 mg/ml, anhydrous methanol). In strong acid, strong alkali ion exchange resin chromatography separation easy occurred in despun role. Crystallization and melting point: 184 ℃-185 ℃; Hydrochloride crystallization, melting point: 151 ℃-152 ℃, soluble in water. Heavy tartrate, 188 ℃-189 ℃ (partial decomposition), soluble in water, soluble in ether, hardly soluble in chloroform, ether. |
| Uses |
Vasopressors. Are used in shock, heart failure, treatment of bronchial asthma and bottom blood pressure during surgery and anesthesia, collapse and shock body, a low blood pressure, etc. |
| Production Method |
Rutaceae plant lime Citrus aurantium l. results. |
| Chemical Properties |
Off-White to Beige Powder |
| Uses |
A α-adrenergic receptor agonist, vasoconstrictor. |
| Uses |
anti-obesity |
| Uses |
A a-adrenergic receptor agonist, vasoconstrictor |
| Definition |
ChEBI: A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 4-(2-aminoethyl)phenol substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and a methyl group at the amino nitrogen. |
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