Memantine HCL is an oral medication for the treatment of moderate to severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s. Memantine HCL’s effects are independent of acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase.
Overview of memantine hydrochloride is dementia drugs developed by the German company Merz, is a new type of low, moderate affinity, voltage dependent and non competitive N methyl D aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist can noncompetitive NMDA receptor blockade induced by glutamate receptor NMDA, reduce the excessive excitement, prevent cell apoptosis, improve memory, is a new generation of drugs to improve cognitive function.
Memantine HCl is the HCl form of Memantine. Memantine is a well- known neuroprotective drug used for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. It is believed to be the first neuroprotective drug that has achieve clinical approval by US FDA as well as European. The development of Alzheimer’s disease involves the misfolded mutant proteins such as β-amyloid peptide (Aβ, particularly Aβ1−42). These misfolded mutant protein can increase the NMDA response and further cause severe excitotoxicity. Memantine suppresses this process through acting as the antagonist of the N-methyl-d- aspartate-sensitive glutamate receptor (NMDARs). Memantine is also under investigation as a potential treatment for other kind of neurodegenerative disorders such as HIV-associated dementia, нейропатическая боль, glaucoma, депрессия, Болезнь Хантингтона, ALS and movement disorders, among other.
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It is believed that too much stimulation of nerve cells by glutamate may be responsible for the degeneration of nerves that occurs in some neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Glutamate is produced and released by nerve cells in the brain. The released glutamate then travels to nearby nerve cells where it attaches to a receptor on the surface of the cells called the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Memantine HCL blocks this receptor and thereby decreases the effects of glutamate. It is thought that by blocking the NMDA receptor and the effects of glutamate, memantine may protect nerve cells from excess stimulation by glutamate.